Jellyfish Stings
Why and how do jellyfish sting?Because jellyfish are slow-moving, weak animals, they use stinging tentacles to capture and immobilize their prey. These tentacles are covered with stinging cells called nematocysts that each discharge a tiny, harpoon-like structure that carries venom. Jellyfish tentacles often detach from the jellyfish and can easily remain stuck to skin and clothing, where the nematocysts can continue to sting. |
How do I avoid jellyfish and their sting?The sea nettle Chrysaora chesapeakei is the species of jellyfish in Chesapeake Bay most responsible for painful stings. Knowledge of the sea nettle's ecology and distribution will help swimmers and anglers avoid this animal and its stinging tentacles.
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What do I do if I've been stung?While uncommon, a jellyfish sting can cause an allergic reaction, causing swelling throughout the body and potentially restricting the airway. If this happens, use injectable epinephrine (adrenaline) or an oral antihistamine, and quickly seek medical attention by calling 911. To treat a localized sting:
Please note: The aforementioned treatment suggestions are for the sea nettle Chrysaora chesapeakei. Because jellyfish venoms can differ by species, age, geographic location, and body part (tentacles vs. body), these same treatment suggestions may not be the most effective in all situations. |
What NOT to do if you've been stungThere are a number of "home remedies" that medical research shows to be ineffective:
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