*Information from FAO Species Identification Guide Western Central Atlantic*
Size
Maximum size 41 cm total length.
Habitat, biology, and fisheries
Inhabits bays and sounds in the northern part of the range; in progressively deeper water to 275mor more, off Florida.Occurs in waters 8.9 to 13.9 degrees C.Spawns from May through October; peak spawning in July. Spawning begins in the southern portions of the range and progresses northward in response to increasing water temperatures. Eggs are buoyant, 0.9 to 1.12 mm in diameter with a single oil globule of 0.16 to 0.19 mm.No information on age at maturity or fecundity, but gravid females in the New York Bight ranged in size from 15 to 42 cm total length. Active during daylight hours; feeds during the day. Feeds on amphipods, mysids, and shrimps; older fishes (greater than 20 cm total length) include crabs, squids, and small fishes in the diet. No directed commercial or recreational fishery; often combined with other landings of miscellaneous flatfishes.
